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Miguel Aceves Mejìa..."UN MUNDO RARO"


This is one of the best versions of this song by José Alfredo Jimenez, who is still very popular song writer in Mexico.

García Barragan planned coup d'etat in 1953 - García Barragán planeó golpe de estado en 1953

Although it's already a month old, I just discovered this news article: http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/442834.html

He was ousted from his governorship in Jalisco in 1946 three weeks before finishing his term for having supported the wrong presidential candidate, allying with the FPP against the PRI and as it appears now even having plotted a coup. This makes his turning back to the PRI and becoming minister of defense during the Tlatelolco massacre later in his life even more remarkable, and shows the remarkable abilities of the PRI to channel dissent and even incorporate opponents into the system.

Two great related sites - Dos sitios similares

Text in English
I found two sites similar to this one, both excellent. One is called Viva Mexico, and the other one is call Mexico Magico. I am very excited about finding these two sites, and I am hoping that we can start collaborating in some capacity in the future.

vivamexxico.blogspot.com
www.megicomaxico.com

Texto en español
Encontré dos sitios similares a este, y los dos son excelentes. Uno se llama Viva Mexico, y el otro Mexico Magico. Estoy muy emocionado al encontrar estos sitios, y espero que podamos colaborar de alguna manera en el futuro.

vivamexxico.blogspot.com
www.megicomaxico.com

Calles Arrives to the US, in Exile -- Calles llega a los EEUU en exilio

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Plutarco Elias Calles, left. with ambassador D Morrow. The photo seems to have been taken while Calles was president.

Text in English

While researching Plutarco Elias Calles, president of Mexico and founder of the state-party system, I found this article on his exile to the U.S. from Time Magazine.

Time Magazine's Archival story about Plutarco Elias Calles arriving to the US in exile, Monday, Apr. 20, 1936

Here is an excerpt:

...The first man was Mexico's onetime President and longtime Boss Plutarco Elías Calles, who had just been forcibly exiled from Mexico by President Lázaro Cárdenas. Sick, sleepless and broken, the 58-year-old exile turned on newshawks an impressively bitter face:

"General Rafael Navarro and three policemen came into my bedroom at midnight where I was reading. I was not surprised. I said, 'I am at your orders.' General Navarro said solemnly, 'By order of the President of the Republic you are under arrest. . . .' I got out of bed and said, 'I consider myself your prisoner. I have no forces at my disposal and I do not need them. You may take me in an airplane or before a firing squad. . . .' General Navarro replied, 'I request you to prepare to accompany me at 6:30 to the Central Airfield.'"

Thus departed Mexico's strongest Strong Man since the late Dictator Porfirio Diáz.

Texto en espanol
Se los debo despues. Tendre que traducir el artículo. :P
Aquí está la traducción del segmento que cité:

"[Habla Calles]El general Rafael Navarro y tres policías entraron a mi recamara a media noche donde estaba leyendo. No me sorprendieron. Y dije, 'Estoy a sus ordenes.' El general Navarro dijo solemnemente, 'Por ordenes del presidente de la república usted está bajo arresto....' Salí de la cama y dije, 'Me considero su prisionero. No tengo ninguna fuerza a mi disposición y no las necesito. Puede llevarme en avión o frente a un escuadrón de fusilamiento...' El general Navarro respondió, 'Le pido que se prepare para acompañarme a las 6:30 a la aeropista central.'"

Y así partió de México el caudillo más poderoso de México desde el dictador Porfirio Díaz.
"

De Guadalajara, Sixto en Vivo/Retedivertido -- From Guadalajara, Sixto, Live/Retedivertido

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[Texto en español abajo del texto en inglés]

Text in English
During the 1980s, most children television blocks had hosts in Mexico. Besides of the national host from channel 5, el Tío Gamboín, local tv markets had their local hosts. Maybe the most famous of these local host was Cepillín, a musical clown from Monterey who later went on to be on national television.

In my local market of Guadalajara, we had two competing channels: Channel 6, an independent station, and Channel 4, which was part of the national Televisa network. Sixto, a play on a real name and the number 6 in English, was the host of Channel 6's children's block.

Sixto was popular mainly in the 1980s. The format of the program was a live segment with Sixto, the blue muppet above, and a live host, first Aida and then Checo. There was a third host, an older man who was an engineer, but I haven't been able to find his name yet. Checo is the one co-host that lasted the longest, and the one that most of us associate with Sixto. There were often contests. Then they would introduce a cartoon, and there would be another short live segment until the block ended.

The stage was very spartan at first. If I remember correctly, it was nothing but a couch. Later on they created a stage where the muppeteer and voice of Sixto could hide. I hope that it was more comfortable than lying down behind the couch.

As the years went on, many characters where introduced. These were different roles of Sixto. Sixto was still on the air when I left Mexico in 1994. At some point after I left, Canal 6 ceased to exist.

Texto en español
Durante los ochentas la mayoria de los bloques de programacion de television en Mexico tenian conductores. Aparte del conductor del canal 5 nacional, el Tio Gamboin, tambien los programas locales tenian conductores. Probablemente uno de los conductores locales mas famosos era Cepillin, el payasito musical de la tele de Monterey termino en television nacional.

En el mercado local de Guadalajara, teniamos dos canales: el canal 6, que era independiente, y el canal 4, que era parte de la cadena de televisa. Sixto era el coductor del canal 6.

Sixto fue popular durante los ochentas. El formato del programa eran los segmentos en vivo con Sixto y un conductor. La primera conductora que recuerdo era Aida y despues Checo. Creo que habia un tercer conductor, un hombre major que era ingeniero, pero no puedo encontrar su nombre. Checo fue el conductor que mas duro en el programa, y el que mas se asocia con Sixto. Habian concursos tambien. Introducian caricaturas, y luego habia otro segmento en vivo, y asi hasta que terminara el segmento.

El ecenario era muy sencillo al principio. Creo que no habia nada pero un sillon. Creo que despues crearon un ecenario donde el titeretero podia esconderse. Espero que estaba mas confortable alli que atras del sillon.

Con el paso del tiempo se introdujeron muchos personajes. Tambian habian muchos roles de Sixto. Sixto todavia estaba al aire cuando deje el pais en 1994. En algun punto despues de que me fui, el canal 6 dejo de existir.

Sources, Fuentes:
A blog from Guadalajara where people from Guadalajara remember Sixto.
Un blog de Guadalajara donde la gente recuerda a Sixto. Probablemente la mejor pagina acerca de sixto en la internet.
www.desdegdl.com recuerda a Sixto

Cruce, Semario del ITESO, Mini entrevista a Checo
Cruces Iteso

Historia acerca del regreso de Sixto.
Guia tapatia

Television infantil -- Children's Television

[English Text Below Spanish Text]
Texto En espanol
Puesto que estoy nostalgico, voy a dedicar los proximos dias a hablar acerca de programas infantiles de telivision en Mexico, especialmente de la television con la que creci durante los ochentas. Hablare de como veiamos a la television, que veiamos, y como programas extranjeros eran reinterpretados en Mexico.

Este us un buen lugar donde podre declarar cual es mi creencia acerca el "imperialismo cultural." Creo que su influencia ha sido muy exagerada. La idea es que paises desarrollados inpomen su cultura en otros paises. Aunque esto es cierto hasta un cierto punto, no es tan extremo como lo piensa mucha gente.

Muchos olvidan que para entender un programa Americano, uno tiene que entender mucho acerca de la cultural Americana. La mayoria de gente de otros paises no la entienden. Asi que cuando gente del mundo esta expuesta a programas americanos, japoneses, o mexicanos, tienen que reinterpretar los programas para entenderlos en su contexto cultural.

Asi que, por mucho que programas de los EEUU americanizan a Mexico, Mexico mexicaniza programas americanos para poder entenderlos. Esto empieza con el doblaje y termina con como los televidentes interpretan el programa. Mexico termina conquistando estos programas y los transforma y los hace propios.

English Text
Since I am in a nostalgic mood, I will spend a few days talking about Mexican children's television, specifically the television that I grew up with in the 1980s. I will talk about how people watched television, what they watched, and how foreign programs got re-interpreted in Mexico.

This seems to be a good place to say what my belief is about "cultural imperialism." Quite simply, it is over hyped. The basic belief is that it imposes Western cultural artifacts on other cultures. Although this is true to a large extent, it is not as extreme as most people think.

People often forget that to fully understand American culture one has to understand a lot of American culture. Most people in other countries don't understand it. So when people get exposed to American, or Japanese, or Mexican media, they re-interpret the shows in a way that makes sense in their culture.

So, as much as TV shows from the US Americanize Mexico, Mexicans Mexicanize American shows so that they will make sense. This begins with the dubbing works, and ends with how the viewers interpret the show. The end result is that, in my opinion, Mexico ends up taking over and making these imported cultural elements its own.

Un dia en Plaza del Sol -- A day in Plaza del Sol

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[English text below Spanish]

Texto en español
Esta es mi experiencia de ir a Plaza del Sol, el primer centro comercial de Guadalajara, durante los ochentas. Nuestras visitas eran especiales, y lo hacíamos con toda la familia, normalmente iendo con tias y primos los domingos. Como no vivíamos cercas, teníamos que tomar el camión o ir en carro. is nos ibamos en carro, entonces tres o cuatro adultos y cinco ninos se metian en el compacto de mi tia. Cuando veiamos a los agentes de transito, nos decian que agacharamos las cabezas.

Por lo general llegábamos en la tarde. Lo primero que hacíamos era comprar nieves de la Bing, que era una nevería con nieve estilo americano. Durante un tiempo, compramos nieves de yogurt cuando era la moda en Guadalajara, pero después regresamos a la Bing. Después mis tias y mi mama se sentaban en una banca a platicar y ver a la gente pasar.

Nosotros, los ninos, corriamos y jugábamos. A veces mis primos y yo íbamos a los juegos de video, conocidos en aquel entonces en Guadalajara como "las maquinitas." En Plaza del Sol estaban Diversiones Maravillosas, que ya para 1986 estaban bastante obsoletas, con la mayoría de sus máquinas siendo de pantallas de blanco y negro y de Atari. Asi que visitas a aquel lugar era como visitar una de los primeros museos de video juegos. También tenían un laguito artificial bajo techo donde uno podía remar. En retrospectiva, eso era bastante raro y excepcional.

Después visitaríamos Gigante, un supermercado con ropa, farmacia y otros departamentos. Veiamos cosas, veia televisión o leia libros, y después compraría un dulce, quizas. Después de que oscurecía, íbamos a misa al templo cercano. Lo mas impresionante de este templo modernista era que tenias criptas en la pared donde uno podía poner sus cenizas. Después nos regresaríamos a casa.

Lo mas interesante es que no recuerdo muchas ocasiones en que hayamos comprado muchas cosas allí. :)

Text in English
This is a personal account of how going to Plaza del Sol, the oldest commercial mall in Guadalajara, Mexico, was like in the 1980s. Going there was a special trip, normally done together with aunts and cousins on Sunday. We didn't live nearby, so it meant either going in car or taking the bus there. If we were going in car, three adults and five children would squeeze themselves into my aunt's compact car. If we saw a transit police officer, we were instructed to duck.

We would arrive by mid afternoon. The obligatory step was to get what we called American-style ice cream from Bing's. For a short while, we got yogurt ice-cream while it was the craze in Guadalajara, but then we went back to Bing's. Then my mother and my aunts would sit at a bench and chat, watching people go by.

We, the children, ran around playing. Sometimes my male cousins and me would go to the video arcades called Diversiones Maravillas (Marvelous Entertainment!), which already by 1986 had pretty dated machines, mostly black-and-white Atari games. So playing there was like going to an early video game museum. They also had a indoor pound where you could row; now that I think back to about this, this was pretty funky.

Later on, we would go an visit Gigante, a supermarket that most resembles Target in the US. We would look at stuff, I would watch TV or read books, and then buy a piece of candy. When it got dark, we would go to the nearby church and go to mass there. The coolest feature of the church was that it had a crypts that held ashes on the back of the modernist church. Then we would go back home.

Interestingly, I don't remember too many incidents of actual shopping done by my parents there. :)

Traigo un amor, Lucha Reyes -- I carry a love, Lucha Reyes


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T6Do7molp8Y

Mas musica mexicana en el sitio de darksolitario -- More Mexican music at darksolitario's site
http://www.youtube.com/darksolitario

[English text below Spanish]
Texto en Espanol
Lucha Reyes, cantando "Tengo un Amor. Cuando era nino, la musica ranchera era para mi lo mismo que la musica folklorica. Pero estaba equivocado: la musica folklorica es musica sin compositor, y la musica popular tiene compositor. Esta cancion es una linda intepretacion de musica popular, escrita por Esperon y Cortazar, segun la fuente del video. Esperon y Cortazar son el duo de compositor y letrista de la era de oro del cine mexicano. La imagen es el angel de la independencia en la Ciudad de Mexico.

De Lucha Reyes no se mucho, asi que ya tengo tarea. Lo que dice la wikipedia es que era cantante de opera que sufrio una enfermedad que le bajo su voz. Asi que empezo a cantar ranchera, siendo una de las las primeras cantantes femeninas de musica ranchera. Me gustaria saber como era su voz antes cuando no estaba danada. :)

Traigo un amor,
Y lo traigo tan adentro
que hay momentos,
que no siento
donde tengo el corazon.

Traigo un querer
tan adentro esta en mi alma
que he perdido hasta la calma
por querer esa mujer.

A esa mujer
yo la quero como queren
como queren esos hombres
que son puro corazon.

A esa mujer
yo la quero hasta la muerta
y para mi buena suerta
soy el dueno de su amor.

English text starts here
This piece is an example of a beautiful ranchero song from the mid 20th century. The singer is Lucha Reyes, who was an opera singer that switched to ranchero music after an illness damaged her voice. The song is from Esperon y Cortazar, a composer/lyricist duo whose songs appear in many of the golden age of Mexican cinema movies. Ranchero music is not folk music. It is pop. In the U.S. it is the equivalent of Country music, which is not American folkloric music either. The easy rule of thumb is that if a song has a composer, it is pop, not folk.

The image is the Angel of Independence, a statue found in Mexico City.

I carry a love
and I carry it so deeply
that in some moments
that I can feel
where is my heart.

I carry a love
so deep in my soul
that I have lost my peace
because of my love of that woman.

That women
I love her to the death
and to my good fortune
I am the owner of her love.

Fuentes--Sources:
La fuente del video, de darksolitariohttp://www.youtube.com/darksolitario
Wikipedia, in English Wikipedia entry on Lucha Reyes
Bio of Ernesto Cortazar, de Durango.net , en espanol Biografia de Ernesto Cortazar
Bio of Manuel Esperon, en espanol Biografia de Manuel Esperon

esmexico.com, fotos de Mexico -- photos of Mexico

esmexico.com es un excellente sitio de fotografias de Mexico. Muchas imagenes de pueblos y cuidades, y algunas imagenes bastante antiguas. Tambien cuenta con un directorio de fotografos colaboradores. Uno puede usar sus imagenes con permiso siempre y cuando no lo haga con fines de lucro. Para detalles, por favor vean las condiciones de uso.

esmexico.com is an excellent site of photos about Mexico. It has many images of small towns and cities, and some are quite old and interesting. They also have a collaborating photographers directory. One can use their images with permission as long as you use it for not-for-profit endeavours. Please check their use conditions for details.

¿EZLN, resistencia pacifica? -- EZLN, nonviolent group?

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[English entry below the Spanish text]

Estaba escuchando una de las clases de noviolencia de Michael Nagler, profesor de estudios clásicos de la Universidad de California en Berkeley, cuando en 1:02 empezo a hablar acerca del Subcomandante Marcos y el EZLN y si el EZLN es no violento o no.

El argumento es el siguiente: el uso de la violencia del EZLN no tenía el objetivo de lastimar a personas, pero de hacer un golpe publicitario. Después de llamar la atención, Marcos organizó organizaciones paralelas, que es una estrategia no violenta.

El profesor Nagler rechaza este argumento, pero reconoce que el EZLN es un caso ambiguo. La mejor comparación es con el Ejército Republicano Irlandés (IRA, for sus siglas en inglés) después de que ellos dejaron las armas. Creo que esto significa que no cree que el EZLN es no violento.

¿Usted que opina?

I was listening to a lecture on nonviolence by Michael Nagler, profesor emeritus of classics from the University of California at Bekeley, when at 1:02 he began discussing if Subcomandante Marcos and the Zapatista Army of National Liberation, (EZLN), were nonviolent or not.

The argument is that EZLN didn't aimed to hurt people, but used violence instead to draw attention to itself and Chiapas. After this, Marcos organized the building of parallel governments which is a nonviolent resistant strategy.

Nagler seems to reject this argument, but admits that the EZLN falls in a gray area. He says that his best comparison of the EZLN can be made with the Irish Republican Army (IRA) after they put down their arms. This seems to indicate that Nagler doesn't believe that EZLN is nonviolent.

What do you think?

Escuche la última clase y avanze al minuto 1:02 para escuchar a Nagler. En inglés.
Go to the last class and start listening at 1:02 into the recording. In English.
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